Toolbox Talk: Safe Use of Stepladders
Workers who use ladders in construction risk permanent injury or death from falls and electrocutions. These hazards can be eliminated or substantially reduced by following good safety practices. This fact sheet examines some of the hazards that workers may encounter while working on stepladders and explains what employers and workers can do to reduce injuries. OSHA’s requirements for stepladders are in Subpart X—Stairways and Ladders of OSHA’s Construction standards.
Plan Ahead to Get the Job Done Safely
A competent person must visually inspect stepladders for visible defects periodically and after any occurrence that could affect their safe use. Defects include, but are not limited to:
• Structural damage, split or bent side rails, broken or missing rungs, steps, or cleats, and missing or damaged safety devices.
• Grease, dirt, or other contaminants that could cause slips or falls.
• Paint or stickers (except warning or safety labels) that could hide possible defects.
Provide the Right Stepladder for the Job with the Proper Load Capacity
Use a ladder that can sustain at least four times the maximum intended load, except that each extra-heavy-duty type 1A metal or plastic ladder shall sustain at least 3.3 times the maximum intended load. Also acceptable are ladders that meet the requirements outlined in Appendix A of Subpart X. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions and labels on the ladder. To determine the correct ladder, consider your weight plus the weight of your load. Do not exceed the load rating and always include the weight of all tools, materials, and equipment.
